DYSERGONOMIC EVALUATION BY FORCED POSTURE OF WORKERS IN THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR
Received: 24.08.2021; Revised: 30.09.2021, Accepted: 06.11.2021, Published Online: 30.11.2021
Guillermo Neusa Arenas3
Occupational Health Specialist, zip code: 100105, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ecuador. email: gneusa@utn.edu.ec, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0699-182
Margarita Marilín Fierro Criollo1
Industrial Engineer, zip code: 100105, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ecuador. email: mmfierroc@utn.edu.ec, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5922-3012
Erika Lizeth Guerra Obando2
Industrial Engineer, zip code: 100105, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Ecuador, email: elguerrao@utn.edu.ec, ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3714-4580
Martín Fernando Mantilla Muñoz
Occupational Health Specialist, zip code: 170510, Association of Occupational Safety and Health Professionals, Ecuador, email: idisst@apsstc.com,
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3605-1857
Abstract
The most frequent dysergonomic risk in the construction sector is the adoption of forced postures that contribute to the development of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) that affect the worker’s quality of life. The purpose of the study is to establish the possible chronic occupational pathologies that could produce alterations to the worker’s health, considering the variable of age, gender, size, among others. The methodological application is quantitative and qualitative for a finite sample of 538 construction workers. A questionnaire was applied for data collection, allowing the detection and analysis of musculoskeletal discomfort in different areas of the body. The risk assessment for forced postures is determined by means of the ISO 11226:2014 method, in order to establish the level of postural exposure. With the information gathered, it can be established that workers between 30 and 40 years old are more likely to suffer from a pathological clinical picture, while those between 60 and 70 years old have a lower probability of developing MSDs, due to the body control during the development of each task to be performed, for avoiding overexertion and exposure during the working day.
Keywords: dysergonomic, pathology, forced postures, musculoskeletal disorder, musculoskeletal disorder.