INVESTIGATION OF CYBERLOAFING DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CYBERLOAFING, INCIVILITY, EMPLOYEE
EXPEDIENCY AND WORK FAMILY CONFLICT
Hira Nasir
Department of Business Studies, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
Email: hiranasir94@gmail.com
Ghulam Abid
Assistant Professor, Department of Business Studies, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
E-mail: dr.ghulamabid@gmail.com
Natasha Saman Elahi
School of Business Administration, National College of Business Administration & Economics,
Lahore, Pakistan
Email: natashasaman20@gmail.com
Saqib Rehman
Department of Management Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 540000,
Pakistan;
Email: saqib.rehman@lcwu.edu.pk
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 has massively increased digitalization in the past two years and replaced human
interactions with internet based services. The dire need for internet to perform work duties has opened
up opportunities for cyberloafing. The aim of the empirical study is to examine; 1) incivility i.e. a
behavioral aspect of knowledge workers leading to cyberloafing, 2) how cyberloafing can have a
negative effect on the overall productivity of the organization through employee expediency, 3)
analyze the mediating role of cyberloafing between incivility and employee expediency, 4) determine
the direct effect of incivility on employee expediency 5) determine the extent to which WFC effects
the: a) relationship between cyberloafing and employee expediency b) relationship between the overall
mediated model of incivility resulting in employee expediency through cyberloafing. The time lagged
study comprised of 300 employees from various schools. The results supported all the hypothesized
relationship. The study widens the nomological network of cyberloafing by relating it to employee
expediency. The study of expedient behavior itself is the first one in Asian context.
Keywords: Incivility, Cyberloafing, Employee expediency, Work family conflict, Social Support