DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL PROCESSES AND THE ACHIEVEMENT OF COMPETENCIES IN THE AREA OF SOCIAL SCIENCES IN SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

Adalberto Pérez Naupay

Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán, Huanuco, Peru

Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7555-1710

Ido Lugo Villegas

Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán, Huanuco, Peru

Orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5523-6438

Julio Edwin Zevallos Fretel

  Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán, Huanuco, Peru

Orcid:https://orcid.org/0 0000-0002-1173-5147

Maruja Agripina Rodriguez Arteaga

Mario Vargas Llosa Educational Institution

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9882-0765

Lolo Perez Naupay

Hermilio Valdizán National University

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/8615

Nicéforo Bustamante Paulino

Hermilio Valdizán National University

https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8582-269X

Abstract 

The actions that teachers develop in the learning of students at all educational levels and in any part of the world come to be the pedagogical processes. In this research, these processes are related to the achievement of competencies in the area of social sciences in the Educational Institution “El Gran Maestro” of Pitumama, in the district of Pitumama, district of Pillco Marca, region Huánuco. For the record, the concept of competence in recent years has been under discussion in the different tables of academic debate on learning by objectives, both in basic and higher education. The study corresponds to a non-experimental research, and 49 students were taken as a sample. The methods used were analytical and synthetic; the techniques employed were documentary analysis, bibliographic analysis, survey and file recording. The data collection instrument was the questionnaire for the variable development of pedagogical processes and the variable achievement of competencies in the area of Social Sciences; in addition, a notebook and interview guides were used. In the results obtained from the study sample, most of the students opted for the alternative almost always (39% to 51%) of Social Sciences teachers if they develop the pedagogical processes (problematization, purposes, motivation, previous knowledge, management and accompaniment, and evaluation) in their classes, and, as for the achievement of competencies in the area of Social Sciences, it is evident that most of these students show a level of satisfaction regarding the achievement of the following competencies: construct historical interpretations (67%), responsibly manage the space and the environment (59%) and responsibly manage economic resources (53%). The results of the factual data clearly reflect the direct relationship between the variables: development of the pedagogical processes and the achievement of the students’ competencies in the area of Social Sciences. As one of the main conclusions of this research, we must express that most of the teachers of the Educational Institution “El Gran Maestro” almost always develop the pedagogical processes in class, and, consequently, there is a satisfactory level of learning achievement in the area of social sciences of the students, proving the existence of a direct and significant relationship between both variables.  In its execution, as part of the theoretical bases, concepts and opinions of experts in educational topics, research by national and international authors were used, as well as documents and educational management standards issued by the Peruvian Ministry of Education; however, comparative studies on the achievement of competencies in the learning of students located in urban, marginal urban and rural areas are still pending.

Keywords: Problematization, purposes, motivation, previous knowledge, management and accompaniment, evaluation, construct historical interpretations, responsibly manage space and environment, responsibly manage economic resources.