ENERGY MATRIX, ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION BASED ON FOSSIL FUELS AND CO2 EMISSIONS FROM ARGENTINA, BRAZIL AND MEXICO
Received: 13.09.2021; Revised: 22.10.2021, Accepted: 18.11.2021, Published Online: 08.12.2021
Carmen Luisa Vásquez Stanescu
Universidad Nacional Experimental Politécnica Antonio José de Sucre, Barquisimeto, Venezuela
cvasquez@unexpo.edu.ve
Mohamed Mehdi Hadi Mohamed
Universidad Peruana Los Andes. Perú, d.mhadi@upla.edu.pe
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-8383
Pablo Pulgar R.
Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana del Estado de Chile
p.pulgarr@utem.cl, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0572-8901
José Federico Bazán Correa
Universidad Nacional de Piura – Perú, jbazanc@unp.edu.pe
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2857-4650
Gerardo Garay Robles
Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán, Huánuco – Perú., gerardogaray2004@hotmail.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9945-1498
Abstract. The IPCC is a group created to evaluate science related to climate change. It was established in 1988 with 195 members. During this time, it has published five (5) reports, and is currently preparing the Sixth. This year 2020 marks the 30th anniversary of the publication of the First Report. In the Fourth and Fifth reports it is assured with 95% certainty that climate changes are unequivocal and these are the responsibility of human activity. Among the activities responsible for the changes, the production of electrical energy from fossil fuels stands out. Latin America has distinguished itself with respect to other regions of the world, for having a clean matrix based on hydroelectric generation. Among the countries of this region, Argentina, Brazil and Mexico are distinguished by the diversity in their generation, including production with fossil fuels. The present work aims to show the 2019 energy matrix of these countries and the production of electricity based on fossil fuels. Additionally, the policies implemented to increase the efficiency of these fuels have been reflected in a decrease in CO2 emissions during the 2009-2019 period.
Keywords: Fossil fuels, Carbon dioxide emissions, Energy matrix.